So far, around 70 genes are reported relative to RA10 and genes involved in renal agenesis are mostly regulators of Gdnf/Ret/Gfrα1 signaling, including transcription factors (Eya1, Six1, Pax2, Sall1, Hox11) and growth factors (Gdf11, Fgf, Npnt). The gene discussed is GDNF; the disease is renal agenesis.