Associated with a human cell line study, 3′3-diindolylmethane inhibited proliferation, migration, and the invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes in vitro and significantly decreased TNF-alpha-induced increases in the mRNA levels of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-9, as well as the proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1b [98]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and rheumatoid arthritis.