TNF and cancer: Cross-linking of CSPG4 IgE bound to primary monocytes in an antigen-specific manner, in co-cultures with CSPG4-expressing A2058 cancer cells also triggered significantly increased secretion of TNF, CCL-2/MCP-1, IL-10, and IL-6, but not of IL-4 and IL-23, compared with non-specific IgE control co-cultures (Fig. 4e).