APC and colorectal carcinoma: CRC, the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA8, most commonly occurs (sporadic CRC) by somatic mutations in genes encoding a component of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (e.g., APC, β-catenin, GSK-3β, or Axin), although it sometimes arises following sustained inflammation in the intestine, as in patients with IBD9.