However, multiple meta-analyses have found DUX4 target gene expression to be a poor biomarker of FSHD muscle, except in the context of significant inflammation (Banerji et al., 2017; Banerji and Zammit, 2019), where it may be confounded by immune cell gene expression (Banerji et al., 2020b). The gene discussed is DUX4; the disease is facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.