In addition, the activation of MAPK, PI3K-Akt, YAP-TAZ, and JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways by Kras in pancreatic cancer cells results in the upregulation of various suppressive cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, CSF1, and MCP-140,41. Here, CSF1 is linked to pancreatic neoplasm.