Retrospective studies showed that compared with TACE alone, treating patients who have unresectable HCC with transarterial injection of human type-5 adenovirus (H101) could prolong OS and progression free survival (PFS) by 1.2 and 0.8 months, respectively (89), and greater survival benefit was observed in patients with elevated AFP, absence of metastasis, single tumor, tumor with a larger size, and HBsAg positive (93). Here, AFP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.