ACE and atrial fibrillation: T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; NYHA: New York Heart Association; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; AFib: atrial fibrillation; HF: heart failure; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration; BP: blood pressure; ACE-I: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; ARNI: angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor; MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.