GFAP and dementia: Lastly, plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astrogliosis,65,66 is elevated across the Alzheimer’s spectrum,67-71 as well as other neurodegenerative diseases such as frontotemporal dementia70,72 and studies report a significant correlation with cognitive functioning.37,62,68,70,72-74 Plasma GFAP has also been reported to increase over time in cognitively unimpaired individuals;75,76 however, fewer studies have investigated its relationship with cognitive functions in late-adulthood individuals without dementia.