In addition, fetuin-A could inhibit transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and collagen type I α 1 (Col1α1) expression and promote bone morphogenic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) gene expression in human hepatic stellate cell (HSC), resulting in anti-hepatic fibrosis effects in NAFLD patients (10). The gene discussed is COL1A1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.