Autophagy is also essential for cell transplantation studies, as Atg16l1 deficiency leads to an exacerbated graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a mouse model of allogeneic HSC transplantation (allo-HSCT), whereas Atg16l1-deficient allo-HSCT recipients with GVHD displayed increased T-cell proliferation due to increased dendritic cell (DC) numbers [199]. Here, ATG16L1 is linked to graft versus host disease.