TGFB1 and neoplasm: M-HIFU increased the expression of PD-L1 on most tumor cells significantly and induced a systemic immune activation of DCs, tumor-infiltrating T Cells, proinflammatory cytokine changes, and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) changes, as well as concurrent downregulation of protumor regulators such as regulatory T Cells, IL10, TGFb, and VEGF-A (Eranki et al., 2020).