Another finding that highlights the prominent role of FXIIIA in the inflammatory cascade described in our cases, is the significant relations found between the severity of COPD as determined by the pulmonary function (FEV1/FVC % and FEV1% pred) and all the measured tissue factors (FXIII, DC, CD8, CXCR3). Here, CXCR3 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.