Subsequent studies have shown that germline DICER1 mutations are associated with various malignant and benign tumors, including PPB, cystic nephroma, ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor (OSCST; especially Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT)), embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), multinodular goiter, differentiated thyroid carcinoma, nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma, ciliary body medulloepithelioma, and others (49), (50), (51). The gene discussed is DICER1; the disease is multinodular goiter.