The unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1b and 2 (ulk1b and ulk2), autophagy-related gene 5, 7 and 12 (atg5, atg7, and atg12), beclin1, activating molecule in beclin1-regulated autophagy (ambra1a), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (lc3b) are key genes involved in autophagy regulation in PD (Lin et al., 2019; Ren et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene ULK1 and Parkinson disease.