Anti-CD133 monoclonal antibody (anti-CD133 mAb) was conjugated to water-heating NIR NPs to perform NIR long-lifetime imaging-guided PTT after systemic delivery into GBM and denoted as Ab-NPs (anti-CD133 mAb conjugated water-heating NIR NPs) and bare-NPs (absence of anti-CD133 mAb conjugation to water-heating NIR NPs) (Supplementary Fig. S6). This evidence concerns the gene PROM1 and glioblastoma.