In these isolates, a number of genes were identified as upregulated over initial non-recurrent samples, mainly involved in epidermal development such as a number of keratin-coding genes (KRT1, 10, 12, 20), hedgehog signaling (PTCH2), and genes previously identified as contributing to the proliferation of a diverse array of other cancers (S100A8, A9, TANK, ADORA2B) [42–45, 62–64]. This evidence concerns the gene PTCH2 and cancer.