In response to these signals, Peli1 plays a key role as a modifier of the downstream signaling cascade regulating immune cell proliferation, activation, and differentiation [175,180], as well as regulating stress signals (e.g., inflammation, oxidative stress, and ER stress) [181,182,183], and promoting autoimmune disease and cancers [175,176,180,183,184,185]. The gene discussed is PELI1; the disease is cancer.