While much of the focus of T1DM research is on the autoimmune targeting of INS itself [1,2,3], antibodies and T cells also target glutamic acid decarboxylases (GAD) [1,2,3], protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor types (related to islet-associated protein or PTPN-IA-2) [1,2,3], the INS receptor (INSR) [4,5,6,7,8], and glucagon [9,10]. The gene discussed is INSR; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.