Anagliptin, a new DPP-4 inhibitor approved for treating T2DM, was recently reported to reverse endothelial dysfunction by SIRT1-dependent inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and suppression of NOX4-ROS-TXNIP-NLRP3 crosstalk, in this way creating scope for additional research [46,126]. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.