Vildagliptin, as per Qi et al., mitigates endothelial dysfunction mediated by elevated free fatty acid (FFA) levels by inhibiting the AMPK-NLRP3-HMGB1 pathway, preserves mitochondrial function and restores eNOS levels while decreasing cellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) production and ROS levels [125]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.