Although the PDE4B inhibitory effect on SCI is unknown, recent data of murine autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) revealed that twice daily s.c. treatment with 3 mg/kg PDE4B inhibition shifts the balance to Arg-1+ macrophages but could not reduce monocyte infiltration in the spinal cord (for a comprehensive overview of PDEs in MS, see the review of Schepers et al.)[81,82]. The gene discussed is PDE4B; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.