In cultured human/rat hepatoma cells and primary hepatocytes from transgenic mice, HIV PIs inhibited the proteasomal degradation of nascent ApoB, inhibited the synthesis of the cholesteryl-ester and activity of the microsomal triglyceride transfer-protein, and affected the secretion of ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles [40]. The gene discussed is APOB; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.