In mice, ApoE−/−Pon1−/− animals, which have severe carotid atherosclerosis [37], showed AD markers and impaired vasculature in their brains at 14 months, although it was not clear whether brain pathology was caused by ApoE−/−, Pon1−/−, or both knockouts [80]. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is Alzheimer disease.