NFKB1 and Hyperglycemia: While NF-κB induces the expression of many antioxidant molecules that cope with ROS, such as MnSOD, Ferritin Heavy Chain, Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1), Metallothionein-3, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1, HO-1, and GPx-1 [76], the activation of NF-κB in hyperglycemia triggers the transcriptions of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, and also p38/JNK pathway activation, switching EC to proinflammatory and pro-coagulatory and prothrombotic phenotypes [77].