MCEE and metabolic syndrome: Functional annotation clustering analysis showed that mitochondria-related genes with high 5 hmC peaks in MetS-MSCs + Vit-C were primarily implicated in response to oxidative stress and antioxidant activity, including reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (ROMO1), peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) and 5 (PRDX5), and cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), whereas genes with low 5 hmC peaks in MetS-MSCs + Vit-C were mostly involved in regulation of apoptosis, such as phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (PMAIP1) and methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase (MCEE) (Figure 4F,G).