CASP3 and glioblastoma: Consistently, an independent study showed that hypoxia increased TRPA1-dependent membrane currents in another human glioblastoma cell line, i.e., DBTRG, thereby inducing cytosolic Ca2+ overload, mitochondrial depolarization, caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation, and apoptosis (Figure 4) [32].