CREB1 and Alzheimer disease: Indeed, in a study conducted to determine common upstream transcription factors governing molecular networks associated with altered AD-related genes (ADGs) in AD brains, the molecular network analysis identified CREB as a central transcription factor; and to confirm that, an immunohistochemical study was conducted, revealing the abnormal accumulation of phosphorylated CREB in granules of granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) in hippocampal neurons of AD brains [69].