Furthermore, the colon weight/length ratio, the spleen weight, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1 β, IL-6 and IL-22 were significantly higher in the DSS-treated colons of both wildtype and Muc13−/− mice during acute and chronic colitis (Figure 6E–H), with only a significant increase in TNF protein levels due to Muc13 knockdown after the first cycle of DSS administration compared to the control (Figure 6H). This evidence concerns the gene IL22 and Chronic colitis.