T1DM is known as insulin-dependent diabetes which is caused by autoimmune disorder that damages β-cells, insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, and results in reduced or no insulin production, whereas T2DM is the most common form and accounts for roughly 90% of DM cases involved in insulin resistance (IR) due to the cells poorly responding to the effect of insulin and, combined with relative insulin deficiency, leads to the impairment of glucose usage in target cells [123]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.