STAT3 and neoplasm: We next examined the expression of STAT3 in vehicle mice, confirming that the t-STAT3 and the p-STAT3 level were both reduced by ZSW but barely reduced by cisplatin, using Western blot, and that ZSW attenuated STAT3 expression in the tumor tissue of mice treated with cisplatin or ZSW using a STAT3 antibody, through immunohistochemistry (Figure 4D).