Besides specifically focusing on the role of P2RX7, our findings extend our understanding of the role of neuroinflammation in anxiety and anxiety disorders, and also provide further support for the hypothesis that a great majority of genes involved in the background of anxiety act by influencing sensitivity to the deleterious effects of early, etiological stressors, and that effects of neuroinflammation stemming from early traumas and lasting into adulthood may have an important role in this relationship. This evidence concerns the gene P2RX7 and anxiety disorder.