As far as smoking is concerned, it did not own a significant impact on IL-17 levels in each of the three stages of periodontitis; these results were in accordance with Sulistio et al, who reported no significant differences in total IL-17 levels in GCF between smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis32these results, however, fail to meet with results from Javed et al, who reported higher salivary IL-17 among cigarette smokers than nonsmokers with periodontitis.33 Here, IL17A is linked to periodontitis.