Based on the retroelement hypothesis of disease pathogenesis [5], Rice et al conducted a clinical trial of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) in patients with AGS due to mutations in TREX1, components of the RNase H2 complex or SAMHD1, using combined abacavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine for 12 months [6]. The gene discussed is TREX1; the disease is Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome.