The network was analyzed with Cystoscape’s network analysis tool and the top 10 targets were selected as the core targets of LWDH to treat CKD based on the degree value, including JUN, AKT1, TP53, RELA, MAPK1, FOS, TNF, IL6, ESR1, and RXRA (Fig. 3). Here, TNF is linked to chronic kidney disease.