In addition, downregulation of USP3 resulted in a reduction in the number of NESTIN-positive cells, while the number of TUJ1-positive cells increased significantly compared to scrambled shRNA transfected SH-SY5Y (Fig. 6G H), SK-N-SH (Supplementary Fig. 9B-9 C) and SK-N-DZ (and Supplementary Fig. 10C-10D) cell lines, indicating that silencing USP3 induces neuroblastoma differentiation. Here, NES is linked to neuroblastoma.