Moreover, to examine the effects of the optogenetic inhibition of SFO neurons projecting to the PVN, AAV2/retro-CaMKIIα-eNpHR 3.0-EYFP-WPRE-hGH pA was injected into the PVN of CKD or HF mice, and the cell bodies of SFO neurons with eNpHR3.0 were exposed to yellow light (Fig. 6a, b). This evidence concerns the gene CAMK2A and chronic kidney disease.