The ability to seemingly make the cell impervious to further rounds of S. Tm uptake lasts for at least 4 h after the initial infection (Figure S3D), and importantly, pre-infection of ΔN-WASP cells by either WT or ΔsopE2 S. Tm had no effect on invasion of fresh WT S. Tm (Figure 3F). This evidence concerns the gene WAS and infection.