In this setting, as in human cancer (10), Kras-mutant metaplasia is accelerated by an inflammatory insult (pancreatitis) (pre-neoplasia; K1→K2), proceeds to benign pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, (PanIN; K3, K4), and ultimately, malignant PDAC (K5) and distal metastases (K6; Figs. 1A and S1A). The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is cancer.