Spatial expressions of discriminatory genes in OXPHOS pathway were imaged, NDUFS6, NDUFA6, NDUFAB1, NDUFB4, NDUFB3, COX5A, COX7B, COX7A2, UQCR11, UQCR10, UQCRQ, ATP5MC3, ATP5F1E, and ATP5PF exhibited highest expressions in serrated lesion, followed by tumor and normal epithelium (Fig. 5s and Supplementary Fig. 40). Here, NDUFB4 is linked to neoplasm.