HCAR1 and cancer: Silencing GPR81 significantly reduced the expression of lactate transporters monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) and their chaperones protein CD147 in pancreatic cancer cell lines.154 CD147 has also been proven as a potential drug target to disrupt MCT membrane insertion and function for cancer therapy but also has limitations due to its necessity for normal activities.155