Thus, the trans-pQTLs for circulating CXCL9 (chemokine ligand 9) levels included SNPs within 200 kb of the transcription sites of PTPN22, BCL11A, CCR9, KIAA1109, TULP1, INS, ATXN2, GPR183, and UBASH3A. All these genes are recorded by the Type 1 Diabetes Knowledge Consortium as associated with T1D. Here, PTPN22 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.