As T1D was not associated with genotypic scores for the absolute or relative levels of Tregs or with scores for other immune cell phenotypes, it is unlikely that the associations of T1D with trans-scores for genes such as FOXP3 that are expressed by Tregs can be explained by effects on the abundance of this cell type, although this cannot be ruled out, as the summary statistics we used to calculate scores for immune cell phenotypes were based on studies with relatively modest sample sizes. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.