In terms of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response, it has been established that progressive increase in BNP gene expression is associated with lower SERCA2a levels in post-MI hypertrophy [67]; whereas SERCA2a upregulation has been shown to reduce cardiomyocyte size in vivo [68]. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is myocardial infarction.