A post-mortem study showed that microglial activation in AD pathogenesis was disproportionately higher in females than in males [33], while data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) showed that soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations were related to poorer cognition in women only [34]. The gene discussed is TNFRSF1B; the disease is Alzheimer disease.