In the inflamed adult IBD colon and ileum, the mucosal ILC composition is altered, resulting in reduced frequencies of IL-22-producing NKp44+ type 3 ILCs (ILC3s) and increased interferon (IFN)-γ-producing ILC1s12,13 as well as IL-17-producing ILC3s.14 Here, IFNG is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.