In addition, cleavage of caspase-9/-3 and PARP1 was increased in PI3/SLPI-deficient cells upon TRAIL treatment, substantiating the tumor-protective role of these two peptidase inhibitors through regulation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways downstream of TSPO (Fig. 6h). The gene discussed is CASP9; the disease is neoplasm.