Indeed, we and others have reported GI inflammation, notably affecting the small bowel and manifesting as celiac-like autoimmunity refractory to gluten-free diet, in a substantial fraction of patients with pathogenic variants leading to JAK-STAT hyperactivation, including STAT3 GOF, STAT1 GOF, JAK1 GOF variants, and PTNP2 HI [4, 5, 10, 19]. This evidence concerns the gene JAK1 and Autoimmunity.