We therefore examined the expression patterns of FOXC1 and FOXC2 in the intestine in a mouse NEC model (Tian et al, 2010), which includes initial orogastric inoculation of neonatal mice with a standardized adult mouse commensal bacteria preparation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to perturb the normal intestinal colonization process, gavage with formula every 3 h, and exposure to brief episodes of hypoxia for 1 min followed immediately by cold stress (10 min at 4°C) twice daily. Here, FOXC1 is linked to necrotizing enterocolitis.