PTEN and colorectal carcinoma: Therefore, future work using the Drosophila model of CRC based on CRISPR/Cas9-induced gene excision of apc1, apc2 (adenomatous polyposis coli 1 and 2), p53, Medea (dSmad4), and Pten (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) (Bangi et al. 2016; Zipper et al. 2022) will be needed to answer the question.