Exogenous IL-11 rescued the piR-2158-induced phenotypes. In order to clarify the function of IL11 signaling in suppression of CSCs and angiogenesis by piR-2158 in breast cancer, we added exogenous recombinant human IL-11 back into the culturing medium of piR-2158-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cells, followed by functional assays including cell proliferation, cell stemness, transwell invasion and angiogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene IL11 and breast cancer.