And the NLRP3 inflammasome activation has also been reported to induce pro-inflammatory cascades via the induction of IL-1β and IL-18 and perpetuate inflammation in DKD (Chen et al., 2013; Mosterd et al., 2021; Shahzad et al., 2015; Tang and Yiu, 2020; Wu et al., 2018). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.